USE OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L. AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE DIABETES MELLITUS

ABSTRACT

Millitus Diabetes is a disease caused by declining hormone produced by the pancreas gland. According to data from world health organization (WHO), Indonesia ranks sixth of the world as a country with the largest number of diabetic patients after India, China, Soviyet Union, Japan and Brazil. The writing is aimed to know the ability pare as an alternative medicine that comes from the local potential of Indonesia, in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Tanaman pare to lower blood sugar because these plants contain saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols (powerful antioxidants), and cucurbitacin glycoside, momordicin, and charantin ..

INTRODUCTION

Background

Millitus Diabetes is a disease caused by declining hormone produced by the pancreas gland. The decline of this hormone caused the sugar (glucose) is consumed the body can not produce perfectly, so the levels of glucose in the body will increase. Sugar which include polysaccharides, digosakarida, disaccharides and monosaccharides are energy sources that support the whole of human activity. All this sugar will be processed into power by the hormone insulin because of diabetes mellitus usually will experience lethargy, lack of energy, always feeling thirsty, frequent urination, and blurred vision, other symptoms caused by a too high glucose levels will occur atheroma as initial cause of coronary heart disease. (Utami, Prapti. 2003)


Diabetes mellitus is now almost reaching the whole world, not only developed countries are infected with this disease, but also developing countries now seems to have started having probilitas this disease, according to data from world health organization (WHO), Indonesia ranks sixth of the world as a country with the largest number of diabetic patients after India, China, Soviyet Union, Japan and Brazil. Recorded in 1995 the number of diabetes sufferers in Indonesia reached 5 million, in the year 2000 alone, there are around 5.6 million people in Indonesia who have diabetes. However, in 2006 the estimated number of diabetics in Indonesia rose sharply to 14 million people, where only 50% are aware of the virus and among them only about 30% of which come treatment regularly, It is unfortunate that many people with diabetes who do not realize they suffer from diseases that more often called sugar disease or diabetes. This may be due to the lack of information in the community about diabetes, especially symptoms that happened to him. (Soegondo, Sidartawan. 2006.www. Medicastore.com).

Diabetes mellitus high prices of drugs produced in the factory and the market seems quite an impact on people's purchasing power is less, even more so for people who categorized in middle class society, so this is causing the patient reluctant to buy medicines and may eventually lead to diabetes mellitus suffered more severe and even can cause death.

Pare plants is an alternative in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, because these plants contain saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols (powerful antioxidants), and cucurbitacin glycoside, momordicin, and charantin which can lower blood sugar. (Anoymous. 2007)

Problem Formulation

Ø nutritional content of what is contained in pare

Ø How do I use bitter melon in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Goal Writing

The writing is aimed to know the ability pare as an alternative medicine that comes from the local potential of Indonesia, in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Benefits of Writing

Writing offers some benefits, namely in terms of academics to provide scientific information to the public about the benefits of bitter melon as an alternative medicine that comes from the local potential of Indonesia, in penyembuan diabetes mellitus. In terms of economic aspects of the use of bitter melon as an alternative medicine treatment of diabetes mellitus can save cost and more practical.

DISCUSSION

Pare Nutrition

Diabetes mellitus often referred to as the great imitator, because this disease can affect all organs of the body and cause various kinds of complaints will typically experience lethargy, lack of energy, always feeling thirsty, frequent urination, and vision becomes blurred. The use of flora or plant potential for therapy in diabetes is likely to be quite effective altrenatif and affordable by people with diabetes mellitus. In Indonesia a lot of plants that have the potential to serve food that can help in diabetes mellitus mengatasai is especially bitter melon plant. (Utami, Prapti. 2003)

Pare plants (Momordica charantia L.) originating from the Asia-Tropical. Plant this one is famous for its fruit is bitter. Behind the sense of bitterness that's precisely pare health benefits. Nutrient content in pare quite well. Pare contains proteins, carbohydrates, and little lemakmineral pare rich in calcium, iron and phosphorus. Vitamins are prominent in them are vitamin A and vitamin C. (Anoymous. 2007)

Savor the fruit of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) as a medicine in China has accounted for Li since 1578. Initially as a tonic, worming, cough medicines, antimalarial, sprue, wound healing, and appetite enhancer. Hundreds of research in many developing countries and then uncovers the bitter fruit of this effect lowering blood sugar levels (hypopglycemic effect). (Anoymous. 2007)

The cause of diabetes mellitus is the lack of production and availability of insulin in the body or an interruption of insulin function, which actually is quite. Insulin deficiency caused minor damage to some or most of the beta cells of the island of Langerhans in the pancreas gland that produce insulin function. Insulin is a polypeptide (protein). Under normal circumstances, if blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas gland to release insulin and into the bloodstream. The blood insulin receptor that is distributed to the liver by 50%, kidney around 10-20%, as well as blood cells, muscle, and fat tissue around 30-40%.

As long as there is no insulin, sugar in the blood can not enter the cells - the cells of other tissues such as muscle and fat tissue. It could be argued that insulin is the key that opens the door of the cell network, enter the sugar into the cells, and closed again. Inside the cell, burnt sugar into energy useful for the move. Similar research in Germany, Britain, India, Japan, Thailand, and Malaysia confirm pare nutritious as antidiabetic agents. Pare who has not been cooked contain saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols (powerful antioxidants), and cucurbitacin glycoside, momordicin, and charantin.

Pare effects in lowering blood sugar in animal experiments work by preventing the intestines absorb sugar is eaten. Also believed to have a component that resembles pare sulfonylurea (drug antidiabetic oldest and widely used). This type of drug stimulates the body's beta cells of the pancreas gland to produce more insulin, in addition to increasing the deposit reserve sugar in the liver glycogen. Pare effects in lowering blood sugar in rabbits also estimated similar to the mechanism of insulin.

Of so much research pare as lowering blood sugar, there is a red thread that in lowering blood sugar, bitter melon has more than one mechanism. Moreover, pare research in Germany managed to find an effective dose of bitter melon in lowering blood sugar healthy rabbits of 0.5 grams / kg body weight, and 1 to 1.5 grams / kg body weight for rabbits that deliberately contrived diabetes. (Anonimous. 2007).