DANGERS OF TOBACCO

Tobacco consists of thousands of components, where the main components consisting of nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide.
Nicotine rapidly into the brain so a person smokes. Levels of nicotine that is inhaled will be able to cause death if the levels are more than 30 mg. Every cigarette contains nicotine an average of 0.1-1.2 mg of nicotine. Of these, the entry level of nicotine in blood circulation 25%, but small amounts were able to reach the brain within 15 seconds Tar is not a single substance, composed of hundreds of chemicals dark and sticky, and classified as a poison maker of cancer. Often, many cigarette manufacturers do not include tar and nicotine in cigarette packaging their production. For example, Sampoerna A Mild is claimed as a cigarette lighter, has a tar content of 1.5 mg per stem. Carbon monoxide is a poison that expel oxygen from its binding with hemoglobin in red blood grains. CO bonds with hemoglobin (COHb) would make HB CO can not untie, and consequently the function of hemoglobin as an oxygen carrier reduced its function and this causes the heart work more.

Nicotine as a substance that is most widely associated with addiction to cigarettes received by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-adrenergic who later on track so that makes smokers feel more calm, enjoyable, spur the dopaminergic system, and feel more brilliant thinking power. While the adrenergic path, this substance will activate the adrenergic system that issued the neurotransmitter serotonin. Increasing serotonin is what causes the onset of stimulation of pleasure to find another cigarette. The process of burning cigarette is no different with different by the process of burning other solid materials. Cigarettes made from dried tobacco leaves, paper, flavor substances that can be formed by the elements carbon (C), the element hydrogen (H), the element oxygen (O), the elements Nitrogen (N), the element sulfur (S) and elements Another small amount.

Cigarette overall chemistry can be formulated as CvHwOtNySzSi. This will cause dangerous reactions smoking to health, among others:

a) Reaction of cigarettes with oxygen to form compounds such as CO2, H2O, NOx, SOx, and CO. This reaction is called a combustion reaction occurring high temperature that is above 800 degrees Celsius which occurs at the edge or surface of the cigarette which is in contact with air.
The process of burning cigarettes could be explained by chemical reactions CvHwOtNySzSi + O2 + combustion above 800 C into CO2 + NOx + SOx + SiO2 (ash).

b) The reaction solution chemical structure of cigarettes into other chemical compounds. This reaction occurred due to high heating and absence of oxygen in this reaction. This reaction is more commonly known as pirolysis reaction. Pirolysis combustion occurs at lower than 800 degrees Celsius (about 400-800 degrees Celsius).
Typical of this reaction is the formation pirolysis thousands of chemical compounds that are complex. This process can be explained by the chemical reaction combustion CvHwOtNySzSi + 400-800 C to other chemical compounds (3000 molecular complex).
Although not dominant pirolysis reaction in the process of smoking, but many compounds produced toxic compounds which belong to has the ability to diffuse in the blood. Actually this pirolysis product can burn when the product through a high temperature and sufficient oxygen, the thing that does not happen in the process because the process of inhaled smoke and gas products in the area of ​​400-800 degrees Celsius temperatures to flow directly towards the mouth of the temperature around 37 degrees Celsius,







c) Reaction of water vapor evaporation of water and nicotine.
The reactions that take place at a temperature of 100-400 degrees Celsius, where the nicotine is vaporized at this temperature region is not an opportunity through high temperatures and does not undergo a process of combustion. The condensation of nicotine vapor in the gas depends on temperature, concentration of nicotine vapor in the gas and gas channel geometry passed. If the temperature is less than 100 degrees Celsius, the nicotine is condensing, so that before the gas enters the mouth, nicotine condensation has occurred and the gas enters the lungs still contain this substance, where in the lungs, nicotine will experience condensation back.